green flag with green star
The Pan-African flag, also referred to as the UNIA flag, Afro-American flag or Black Liberation Flag, is a tri-color flag consisting of three equal horizontal bands colored red, black and green. [1]
The colors are as represented on the flag, Red, Black and Green (not Green, black and red) and did indeed evolve from Marcus Garvey’s UNIA movement. [2]
The flag was created by the Esperanto Club of Boulogne-sur-Mer, initially for their own use, but was adopted as the flag of the worldwide Esperanto movement by a decision of the first Universal Congress of Esperanto, which took place in 1905 in that town. [3]
Esperanto organizations and individual esperantists use this flag as a general symbol of their language; variants defaced with organization names and slogans, written on the bottom half of the flag, are usual. [...] Esperanto accounts for more than 99% of all published material on interlinguistics, and probbably much more than 99% of the speakers of all constructed languages. [4]
The Green Star (verda stelo) was first proposed in an 1892 article in La Esperantisto (The Esperantist) for use as a symbol of mutual recognition among esperantists. [3]
Green, black, and red are the Garvey colors, after Marcus Garvey, a civil rights movement leader. [2]
Alternatively, it has been explained by journalist Charles Mowbray White that Garvey proposed the colours for the following reasons: “Garvey said red because of sympathy for the ‘Reds of the world’, and the Green their sympathy for the Irish in their fight for freedom, and the Black- [for] the Negro.” [1]
The question of a flag for the race was not as trivial as might have appeared on the surface, for in the United States especially, the lack of an African symbol of nationhood seems to have been cause for crude derision on the part of whites and a source of sensitivity on the part of Afro-Americans. [...] My understanding is that Garvey thought (erroneously) that these were the colors of ancient Ethiopia - the Ethiopia of today was known as Abyssinia at the time Garvey proposed the flag. [2]
There are however some cases of flags with “E”-stars, some dating back to the earlier days of Esperanto, as the one above, from a photo taken in the II Esperanto World Congress, in Dresden (Germany), 1908. [4]
The organization formally adopted it in article 39 of the Declaration of Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World on August 13, 1920, during its month-long convention held in Madison Square Garden, New York City, United States. [1]
The Esperanto flag: green 2:3, white 1:1 canton with 0,35 radius green 5 pointed regular star pointing upwards centered on it. [4]
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Sources:
[1] Pan-African flag - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
[2] Afro-American flags (U.S.)
[3] Esperanto symbols - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
[4] Esperanto flag
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